Abdominal Vasculature

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Questions for the Abdominal Vasculature

True/False

1. There are five lumbar vertebrae and 4 pairs of lumbar arteries.
2. The celiac arterial distribution has an anastomosis with the inferior mesenteric artery at the duodenum.
3. Generally, the cystic artery branches from the right hepatic artery.
4. The right gastric artery is a branch of the common hepatic artery.
5. The left and right gastric arteries anastomose along the greater curvature of the stomach and within the lesser omentum.
6. The superior anterior and posterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries anastomose with the second jejunal artery.
7. The celiac plexus of autonomic fibers distributes as far distally along the alimentary canal as the second or third part of the duodenum.
8. The dorsal pancreatic, but not the great pancreatic artery, becomes intraperitoneal.
9. The right and left gastroepiploic arteries anastomose within the greater omentum at the lesser curvature of the stomach.
10. The free edge of the hepatoduodenal ligament marks the inferior extent of the persistent ventral mesentery.
11. The superior mesenteric artery is retroperitoneal as it passes through the pancreatic incisor.
12. The superior mesenteric arterial distribution forms an anastomosis with the celiac arterial distribution along the retroperitoneal duodenum.
13. Intestinal branches arise from the left side of the superior mesenteric artery.
14. Colonic branches arise from the right and anterior side of the superior mesenteric artery.
15. The vasa recta are end arteries and, thus, do not enter anastomotic networks.
16. The vasa recta are shorter at the ileum and longer at the jejunum.
17. The distal intestinal arcades are more opaque than the proximal arcades.
18. The middle colic and sigmoidal arteries have retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal pathways.
19. The marginal artery (of Drummond) represents and anastomosis of arteries along the margin of the ileum.
20. The ileocecal artery is entirely retroperitoneal but gives rise to an appendicular artery that becomes intraperitoneal.
21. During development the ventral pancreas rotates around the inferior mesenteric artery.
22. The celiac and superior mesenteric arteries arise from the aorta at the upper L1 and lower L1 vertebral levels respectively.
23. The inferior mesenteric artery arises from the aorta at the L3 vertebral level.
24. Blood from the portal system normally passes through the liver before draining into the inferior vena cava.
25. In portal hypertension, portal blood may reverse flow and enter the caval system without passing through the liver.
26. Portacaval shunts include a pathway from the gastroduodenal vein to the esophageal veins.
27. Portacaval shunts include a pathway from the superior rectal vein to the middle and inferior rectal veins.
28. Portacaval shunts include a pathway from the paraumbilical veins to the inferior epigastric veins.

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