Laboratory Identifications and Relations - Gastrointestinal Tract and Related Structures

Structural Basis of Medical Practice -- Gross Anatomy

The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine

Note: This guide is not exhaustive.  The relations are incomplete.  The intent is to highlight observation through dissection.
  1. Cardiac notch - angle between gastroesophageal junction and fundus, immediately distal to phrenoesophageal sphincter
  2. Phrenoesophageal sphincter - functional sphincter involving fibers of the right crus of diaphragm at esophageal hiatus
  3. Fundus of stomach - attached to spleen by the gastroleino ligament, receives short gastric aa by this same ligament
  4. Rugae - longitudinal ridges of mucous membrane following lesser curvature
  5. Antrum - along lesser curvature leading toward pyloric sphincter
  6. Pyloric sphincter - opening into duodenal cap
  7. Anterior wall of stomach - posterior and inferior to left lobe of liver
  8. Posterior wall of stomach - anterior to lesser sac, faces toward pancreas, splenic a., diaphragm, kidney
  9. Hepaticgastric ligament - attaching from ligamentum venosum to lesser curvature, notice autonomic fibers (e.g., hepatic branch vagus)
  10. Hepatoduodenal ligament - conveying the "triad" to the portahepatis, attaching duodenal cap to portahepatis
  11. Gastrocolic ligament - part of greater omentum attaching greater curvature to transverse colon, anterior border of lesser sac
  12. Gastroleino ligament - attaching fundus of stomach, short gastric aa.
  13. Ligamentum teres of liver - in cleft between quadrate lobe and left lobe, extends into falciform ligament
  14. Ligamentum venosum - in sulcus between caudate lobe and left lobe, attachment of hepatogastric ligament
  15. Coronary ligament - continuous with falciform ligament and lessor omentum, anterior and posterior lamina diverge to leave a "bare" area
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The Structural Basis of Medical Practice